Contents

1. Introduction
2. Simple genetic algorithm
    2.1 Simple description
    2.2 Mathematical definition
3. Simple genetic algorithm in action
4. Mathematical considerations
5. Improvements on simple genetic algorithm
    5.1 Genotype representation, diploid and
           domination
    5.2 Selection methods
           5.2.1 Improvements on standard selection
                      method
           5.2.2 Niches and species
    5.3 Genetic operators
           5.3.1 Crossover
           5.3.2 Order changing operators- inversion, PMX,
                      OX, CX, mutation
    5.4 Fitness function characteristics
           3.4.1 Fitness transformation
           3.4.2 Fitness scaling
           3.4.3 Constraints
    5.5 Multi-criteria optimization
    5.6 Improvement trends
    5.7 Real coded solutions
6. Genetic algorithms applications
References